Internal-combustion engine.



No. 893,656. PATENTED JULY 21, 1908.

S. I. S. RINGI.

INTERNAL. OOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.12 1906.

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No. 893,656 PATENTED. JULY 21, 1908.

. v s. I. s. RINQIJ INTERNAL GOMBUSTIONENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.12, 1906.

W1! 72 was [72 2/ altar No. 893,656. PATENTED JULY 21,1908. S. I. S. RINGI.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED JULY 21, 1908.

S. I. S. RINGI. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Imvuzlor 20,51 zzwanw' UNITED STATES PATENT UFFICE.

SIGURD IVAR SQREXSEN RINGI, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGXOR TO MOTOR AKTIEBOLAGET REVERSATOR, OF' STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

INTERNAL-COMB USTION ENGINE Application filed December 12, 1906.

To all whom it may conccm:

Be it known that l, SIGURD IVAR Soarin- SEN RINGI, a subject of the King of Sweden,

and resident of 42 Drottninggatan, Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part hereof.

This invention relates to improvements in cam-disks for operating the inlet and exhaust-valves in four-stroke internal combustion engines.

For operating valves in four stroke explosion engines it is before known to use camdisks having cam-slots forming two intersecting paths, and a sliding-piece running in the slots in such a manner as to describe one or the other of the said paths, according as the engine rotates in one or the other direction, said sliding-piece being pressed, by means of a spring, or the like, against the outer side of the slots and actuating, by any suitable arrangement, the valve. In engines having a single cylinder these cam-disks work satisfactorily, Whereas the use of the same in engines having two or more cylinders has involved certain drawbacks, inasmuch as the effect of the engine has been highly reduced during the strokes following the reversal, due to the fact that the slidingpiece does not immediately pass, when the direction of movement of the engine is reversed, from the one slot or path into the other.

The object of the present invention is to fully obviate this inconvenience and cause the sliding-piece to immediately, or practically immediately, pass from the one slot or path into the other, when the direction of movement .of the engine is reversed.

The invention consists, chiefly, in that the cam-slots are formed with extensions, or the like, or connected with each other through special connection slots, or the like, said extensions, or connection slots, or the like, being so located and of such a form that, when the direction of movement of the engine is reversed, the sliding-piece is caused to immediately, or practically immediately, pass from the one slot or path into the other.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show two forms of the earlier camdisks. Fig. 3 shows an improved cam-disk of the type illustrated in 1, and Fig. 4 shows an Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 21, 1908.

Serial No. 347,471.

improved cam-disk of the type illustrated in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows an improved camdisk similar to those shown in Figs. 2 and -l but designed to actuate the inlet-valve. Fig. 6 is alongitudinal section of an internal combustion engine in which the exhaust valve is controlled by a cam-disk according to this invention.

Referring to the drawings, the slots in the disk have usually the forms shown in Fig. 1, when the speed of revolution of the disk is equal to that of the crank-shaft, whereas, at a speed of the disk equal to half that of the crank-shaft, the slots have usually the form shown in Fig. 2. Running in the slots is a sliding-piece actuating, by any suitable arrangement, the exhaust valve and pressed, by means of a spring, or the like, against the outer side of the slots. In order to make the invention more easily understood,'the working of the old cam-disks will first be shortly explained. During the time the sliding piece describes the path 1, 2, 3 (see Figs. 1 and 2, in which the arrows shown by full lines indicate the path of the sliding-piece in moving forward and the arrows shown by dotted lines indicate the path of the slidingpiece in moving backwvard) the exhaustvalve is opened and the products of combustion are allowed to escape. \Vhile the sliding-piece describes the path 3, 4, 5, the gas mixture is sucked in, while it describes the path 5, 6, 7, the mixture is compressed, and while it describes the path 7, 8, 1, the mixture is ignited and expands etc. When the motion is to be reversed, the ignition takes place during the compression period, t. e. While the sliding-piece describes the path 5, 6, 7, the piston being caused to turn before it has reached its inner, or upper, end-position and the crank-shaft, and so also the earn-disk, is caused to change its direction of movement. The sliding-piece now follows the path marked by dotted arrows.

In an engine having more than one cylinder, for instance in a two-cylinder engine having the cranks set at an angle of 180 and the cam-disks displaced accordingly relatively to each other, the reversal of the direction of movement takes place in the following Way: While the sliding-piece running in the cam-disk of the one cylinder describes the path 5, 6, 7, i. a. during compression in this cylinder, a premature ignition is effected,

the same time, the camdisk changes its direction of movement, the sl1d1ngp1ece moves in the ath indicated by dotted arrows to 1 two cylinders.

(Fig.1 or to 5 (Fig. 2) respectively, and continues, while the gas esca es, along the path 1, 9, 3 (Fig. 1) or 5, 9, 3 ig. 2) respectively, the strokes then following 1n due order. In the second cylinder the suction period takes place at the same time as compression takes place in the first cyllnder, and the slidingpie'ce in the cam-disk of the second cylinder thus describes the path 3, 4, 5. In reversing, this sliding-piece returns to 3, then, during the next stroke, describes the path 3, 2, 1, opening the exhaust-valve, whereby the piston sucks the previously burned combustion gases into the cylinder, then describes the path 1, 8, 7, whereby the combustion gases are compressed, and then describesthe ath 7,6,1 (Fig. 1) or the path 7, 6, 5 (Fig. 2 respectively, whereby the products of combustion expand. During the next stroke the sliding-piece describes the path 1, 9, 3 (Fig. 1) or 5, 9, 3 (Fig. 2), whereby the exhaustvalve is o ened, and first then the strokes follow in ue order. During the strokes following the reversal, the effect of the engine is thus highly reduced, only one of its cylinders working in due manner. The same drawbacks appear in engines having more than In order to overcome this drawback the cam-slots in the cam-disks illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 are provided, according to this invention, with extensions S, or the like, located in such a manner and constructed of such a form that the slidingpiece is, thereby, caused to pass, in the reversal of the direction of motion of the engine, either immediately or at least in a considerably shorter time than before, from the one path into the other. In reversing, the sliding-piece describing the path 3, 4, 5, on account of the'said extensions, does not describe, as before, the path 3, 2, 1, opening the exhaust-valve, but, instead thereof, de-

scribes the inner path 3, 10, 5 (Fig. 3) or 3,

10,1, (Fig. 4) respectively i. e. it passes, when the direction of motion of the engine is re versed, practically immediately from the one path into the other, whereby the strokes in the corresponding cylinder immediately follow in due order.

In the cam-disk illustrated in Fig. 5 which,

as before stated, is designed to actuate the inlet-valve, the common part of the two paths of the sliding-piece is formed with extensions T causing the sliding-piece to move, in the two paths, in opposite direction to what is the case in the cam-disk shown in Fig. 2, or Fig. 4, respectively (compare the arrows). During the four strokes in the corresponding cylinder the sliding-piece, for in stance in moving forward, is in the following parts of the path marked by full arrows: During the escape of gas it describes the path the path 374, 5, during compression it describes the path 5, 6, 7, and durin expansion it describes the path 7, 8, 1. rection of movement of the en ine is reversed, which takes place while t e sliding turns, and the sliding-piece immediately passes into the second path (marked by dotted arrows) without the strokes in the corresponding cylinder being disturbed. However, in engines having a plurality of cylinders the sliding-piece running in the camdisk appertaining to one of the cylinders, in the moment of reversal, is on the path 3, 4, 5 corresponding to the suction period. This sliding-piece, when the cam-disk turns passes immediately, or practically so, through a connection slot U, provided according to this invention, into the path marked by dotted arrows, andfon account thereof, the strokes versal, follow in due order. In case the slot U did not exist, the sliding-piece would describe the path 3, 2, 1 etc. and keep the suction valve closed during the suction period. Thus, in such case, the work of expansion would be lost in the corresponding cylinder during the first cycle after reversal.

Referring to Fig. 6, the shaft 11 of the engine is shown connected by gear-wheels 12, 13 to the cam shaft 14 carrying the cam-disk 15, so that the latter is rotated, when the engine is running. Placed in the cam-slot of the cam-disk 15 is a sliding-piece 16 pivot- 'ally connected to the end of a rocking lever 17. Connected to the hub of the said lever 17 is a lever 18 adapted to actuate the lower end of the spindle 19 of the exhaust valve 20. When the sliding-piece 16 moves away from the center of the cam-disk, the'lever 17 and thereby the lever 18 and the spindle 19 are raised so as to open the exhaust valve,

spindle 19 downward is compressed. The spring 22 interposed between the lever 18 and a stationary support 23 serves to keep the sliding-piece pressed against the outer side of the cam-slot, when the sliding-piece is in the inner part of the slot. When the said sliding-piece is moved toward the center of the cam-disk, the levers 17 and 18 move downwards and the exhaust valve is closed by the spring 21 pressing the spindle 19 downward. In the embodiment illustrated the inlet valve 24 is supposed to be self-acting but it is obvious that the said valve might be actuated in the same manner as the exhaust valve, if desired.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In devices for actuating a valve apperengine, the combination of a disk having piece describes the path 5, 6, 7, the disk also in this cylinder, immediately after re-' 1, 2, 3, during-the suction period it describes I en the di-.

whereby the spring 21 tending to press the taining to a four-stroke internal combustion 3. In devices for actuating a valve apper-' taining to a four-stroke internal combustion englne, the combination of a disk having camlslots forming two intersecting paths, said said sliding-piece for operating the said valve, 1 and means for causing the sliding-piece to 1 ass in less than one revolution of the disk rom the one path into the other, when the direction of movement of the engine 1s reversed, substantially as and for the purpose 1 K i extensions of the slots in such a manner that,

set forth.

2. In devices for actuating a valve apper- 5 the sliding-plece 13 caused, by the said eX- tension to pass in less than one revolution of taining to a four-stroke internal combustion engine, the combination of a disk having cam-slots forming two paths therein, a sliding-piece moving in the said slots in such a manner as to describe one or the other path, according to the direction of rotation of the engine, said slots having such a form that, when the direction of movement is reversed, the sliding-piece is caused to pass in less than one revolution of the disk from one path into the other, and means, actuated by the said sliding-piece, for operating the valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

cam-slots having extensions located near one point of intersection of the said paths, a sliding-piece moving in the said slots and adapted. to describe one or the other ath according to the direction of rotation of the engine, said sliding-piece being guided in the when the direction of movement is reversed,

the disk from one path into the other, and. means, actuated by the said sliding-piece, for operating the valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SlGUltl) IVAR SilRENSE-N RINGI.

Witnesses: AUGUST SoRENsEN, KARL RUNEsKoG. 

